5117-我要仪器网 | 期刊杂志 | 《中国测试技术》2007年9月

1.茶叶中糖类物质分析方法综述
谭和平，叶善蓉，陈丽，邹燕
（中国测试技术研究院，四川成都 610061）

摘要：在全面检索1907年以来国内外所有关于糖类物质分析方法研究文献的基础上，介绍了茶叶中的糖类物质及其分析方法现状，对糖类物质的主要分析方法进行了系统地介绍，并对化学分析法、气相色谱法、离子交换色谱法、凝胶色谱法、高效液相色谱法、毛细管电泳法、质谱法等主要分析方法进行了评述，并提出了用高效液相色谱法建立茶叶中糖类物质测定的标准方法。

关键词：茶叶；糖类物质；分析；测定；方法；液相色谱法。

中图分类号：TS272.7 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0001-04

Review of carbohydrates determination for tea
TAN He-ping， YE Shan-rong， CHEN Li， ZHOU Yan
（National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610061，China）

Abstract： According to almost all literatures relating to carbohydrates determination since 1907, carbohydrates in tea and their determinations were introduced. Those methods for carbohydrates determination, especially those main methods such as chemical analysis, gas chromatography（GC）, ion exchange chromatography（IEC）, gel permeation chromatography（GPC），high performance liguid chromatography（HPLC），capillary electrophoresis （CE） and mass spectrum （MS） were systematically reviewed. Based on the above, a standard method, carbohydrates in tea determined by HPLC was advised.

Key words: Tea； Carbohydrates； Analyze； Determination； Method； HPLC

2.电磁流量计信号转换器的校验器设计方法研究
姜世金1，栾利香2，李斌3
（1.山东理工大学电气与电子学院，山东淄博 255049；2.山东水利职工大学，山东淄博 255000；
3.上海大学机电工程与自动化学院，上海 200072）

摘要：设计了一种电磁流量计转换器的校验器，能直接利用电磁流量计信号转换器输出的励磁电流来提供校验器的电源及同步信号而不需要外接电源，可用于各种电磁流量计信号转换器的校验。实践证明，该校验器的使用，将大大提高电磁流量计的测量精度。

关键词：电磁流量计；信号转换器；校验器；恒流源；电阻网络

中图分类号：TH814+.93，TN710 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0005-02

Research method of calibrator of signal converter based on electromagnetic flowmeter
JIANG Shi-jin1， LUAN Li-xiang2， LI Bin3
（1.College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering，Shandong University of Technology，Zibo 255049，China；
2.Shandong Worker’s College of Water，Zibo 255000，China；
3.College of Mechanics and Electronics Engineering and Automation，Shanghai University，Shanghai 200072，China）

Abstract： Calibrator of signal converter of electromagnetic flowmeter was designed. It utilized excitation current of electromagnetic flowmeter’s signal converter as the power and synchronous signal. It can calibrate all kinds signal converter of electromagnetic flowmeter with high accuracy.

Key words： Electromagnetic flowmeter； Signal converter； Calibrator； Constant-currant power； Resistance net

3.燃气单钝体绕流流场特性的数值模拟研究
李朝辉，戴景民
（哈尔滨工业大学电气工程及自动化学院，黑龙江哈尔滨150001）

摘要：应用基于有限体积法的FLUENT6.1计算软件对管道中单钝体的燃气绕流现象进行了仿真研究，即对实现管道燃气流量计量的DN200mm新型宽量程流量计的流场进行了数值模拟，就燃气计量管道中漩涡发生体的漩涡脱落频率与实测数据进行了比较。结果表明，数值计算结果与实测结果具有很好的一致性，从而提出了在新型燃气流量计的研制中可以应用数值模拟方法来优化流量计结构设计的结论。

关键词：燃气流量计量；宽量程流量计；流场特性；漩涡发生体；单钝体；数值模拟

中图分类号：TH814，TP391.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0007-03

Numerical simulation of fluid field characteristic of gas flow around single bluff body
LI Chao-hui， DAI Jing-min
(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation，Harbin Institute of Technology，Harbin 150001，China)

Abstract: This paper applied FVM-finite volume method-analysis software FLUENT6.1 to analyze the flow phenomenon of flow over single bluff body-square cylinder and introduced the numerical simulation for DN200mm new type wide-range flowmeter by using this software as well as the inter comparisons of shedding frequency of vortex generating bluff body-square cylinder and practical testing data. The result shows the excellent consistency between practical testing data and calculation data .Thus the paper concluded that the optimal design of the structure of wide-range flammable gas flowmeter can be based on numerical simulation.

Key words: Measurement of gas flow； Wide-range flowmeter;； Fluid field characteristic； Vortex generating body；Single bluff body； Numerical simulation

4.灰色预测法在机械测试中的应用
陈庆斌，秦树人
（重庆大学测试中心，重庆 400044）

摘要：通过运用灰色系统理论建立关于轴承磨损量的灰色预测模型，计算结果表明，预测模型的计算值与实际测定值之间非常接近，而且可进一步预测设备运行状态趋势。灰色系统理论，其理论的简洁和思想方法的新颖特点表明，它将成为机械设备故障诊断的有力工具。灰色预测法的引进，丰富了设备状态监测与故障诊断技术学科的基础理论，推动了该学科向更高水平发展，预示了该学科具有更广阔的应用前景。

关键词：灰色系统理论；灰色预测；机械测试；诊断与预报；GM

中图分类号：TH814，TP391.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0010-04

Application of grey prediction to machinery test and diagnosis
CHEN Qing-bin， QIN Shu-ren
（Test Center，Chongqing University，Chongqing 400044，China）

Abstract： This paper introduced a bearing abrasion quantity's gray prediction model established by use of grey system theory. It is shown that the result of model calculation is very close to the measured data, and that further forecast on the tendency of the equipment condition could possibly be made by this model. Grey system theory, as traits of concise theory and novelty thoughway, indicated that it become a powerful tool with machinery fault diagnosis. Introduction of grey prediction into the mechanical engineering could enrich the basic theory of condition monitoring and fault diagnostic technique, so as to promote the development of this discipline towards a higher level and a wider application prospect.

Key words： Grey system theory； Grey prediction； Machinery test； Diagnosis and forecasting； GM

5.同位素比率质谱仪在地球化学中的应用
李中平，李立武，杜丽，张明峰
（中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所气体地球化学重点实验室，甘肃兰州730000）

摘要:同位素比率质谱仪（isotope ratio mass spectrometers, IRMS）是近些年发展起来的用于测定某些稳定同位素组成的仪器，在诸多领域中都展现出广阔的应用前景。由于稳定同位素组成中蕴藏着丰富的地球化学信息，通过研究其组成可以揭示地球化学过程中的诸多方面的信息。所以IRMS技术和同位素一起作为一种新的有效手段在地球化学研究中有着越来越广泛的应用。本文主要介绍了该技术的原理，并结合相关碳氢等稳定同位素，分别讨论了与碳氢等稳定同位素在地球化学领域及相关学科中的应用。最后讨论了该技术的发展前景与目前存在的问题。

关键词：地球化学；稳定同位素；同位素比率；质谱；分析技术

中图分类号：TH843 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0014-03

Applications of isotope ratio mass spectrometers in geochemical research field
LI Zhong-ping， LI Li-wu， DU Li， ZHANG Ming-feng
（Key Laboratories of Gas Geochemistry,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,CAS, Lanzhou 730000,China）

Abstract: Isotope ratio mass spectrometer（IRMS） is an analytical instrument which is used to measure isotopic compositions of some light stable isotopes, it is developed in recent years and proved to have broad applications in many aspects. Through the analysis of the isotope compositions, some information can be revealed concerning the geochemical process. So IRMS analysis technique and isotope compositions, as a new and effective means in the geochemical researches, have been widely used. This paper introduces the technique currently used in geochemistry studies and related subjects. At last we discuss the future prospects and the present problems of the analysis technique.

Key words: Geochemistry； Stable isotope； IRMS； Mass spectrometer； Analysis technique

6.二维半导体面阵列实时剂量验证系统的研制及应用
徐建一，郑永明，苏红雨，张友德，鄢铃，胡静
（中国测试技术研究院，四川成都 610061）

摘要：调强放疗（IMRT）是放疗技术的发展方向。为实现精确放疗的目标和严格的射线质量控制，以及技术安全保证，自主研发的二维半导体面阵列剂量实时验证测量系统，（TQ－2000B剂量分布图检测仪）该系统由445个半导体探测器按面阵列栅格精确排列，主要用于放疗射线质量控制：加速器QA、IMRT的TPS实时验证。通过实测的等剂量图、剂量值与相同条件下TPS计算的结果以及剂量胶片测量的结果进行比较，从而实现对调强放疗TPS实时验证。同时还介绍了它在加速器QA方面部分项目的测试应用。二维半导体面阵列剂量实时验证测量系统的研制成功，填补了国内空白，其主要技术指标和性能达到了国外同类产品的先进水平。

关键词：等剂量分布图；TPS实时验证；调强放疗（IMRT）；二维剂量灰度图；加速器QA

中图分类号：R812 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0017-04

Development and application of dose distribution real-time testing and verification
with 2D arrays of semiconductor system
XU Jian-yi， ZHENG Yong-ming， SU Hong-yu， ZHANG You-de， YAN-Ling， HU-Jing
（National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610061，China）

Abstract： Intensity-modulated radiotherapy （IMRT） is a new development direction of radiotherapy. To achieve precise radiotherapy and improve treatment efficacy and technical security guarantees, the radiotherapy equipment such as accelerator must be strict in quality control and quality assurance. This Paper presented the independent research and development of TQ-2000B dose distributions measurement and verification system. The TQ-2000B system contained 445 diode detectors arranged in a precise grid, associated circuit and supporting software, which is used in quality control of radiotherapy, such as accelerator QA, TPS of IMRT real-time verification. Measured dose distribution results could compare with dose-films results and TPS output results in the same condition. The results indicate the TQ-2000B system is the ideal device of real-time verification. Meanwhile it can be broadly used in a conventional radiotherapy, accelerator QA. The successful development and application of this system, provide a clinically security assurances in radiotherapy in our country.

Key words: Dose contour； TPS-real time verification； IMRT； 2D-Dose grey figure； Accelerator QA

7.基于动态测试技术的战术导弹测控系统设计
王汉兵，余红梅，雷磊
（解放军武汉军械士官学校，湖北武汉 430075）

摘要：阐述了基于PXI总线和LabWindows/CVI软件平台的战术导弹测控系统的研制方案，并从导弹控制系统分析、设计和动态性能评估的角度出发，提出了动态测试思想，并创意性的提出了将系统中单一的目标灯替换为目标灯点阵，按导弹运动轨迹，控制目标灯点亮的时序这一思想，最后利用控制指令算法对该思想进行了验证。使用证明，该系统工作可靠，检测维修自动化程度高，测试功能齐全、容错能力强，具有良好的开发拓展功能。

关键词：虚拟仪器；LabWindows/CVI；PXI总线；动态测试；点阵光源

中图分类号：TP274+.5 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0021-03

Design of measurement and control system for tactical missiles based on dynamic test
WANG Han-bing1， YU Hong-mei1， Lei Lei1
（Wuhan Ordance N.C.O. Academy，Wuhan 430075，China）

Abstract: This article introduced the design project of dynamic Measurement and Control System for tactical missiles, which is based on PXI bus technique and LabWindows/CVI platform and puts forward the idea of dynamic measurement and control for purpose of analyzing, designing and evaluating missile control system dynamically. It gives the idea originally that using Dot-Matrix Light to control lighting targets’ sequence instead of single targets light. Through application of this system, it is proved that the system can test and diagnose missile equipment well.

Key words: Virtual instrument; LabWindows/CVI; PXI bus; Dynamic test; Dot-matrix light

8.测量不确定度评定中的若干问题
张成悌
（中国测试技术研究院，四川成都 610061）

摘要：针对误差理论及误差分析与不确定度评定的关系和异同，以及各种分布的特性，指出均匀分布是由单一因素引起的，由多因素引起的分布不是均匀分布。为此对文献[2]一些均匀分布事例提出质疑。不确定度的评定一定要安全保险且经济实用。不能随意用均匀分布代替其他分布，一般情况下扩展不确定度的概率应取99.73%。某次测量结果的不确定度与某种测量方法的不确定度是不同的，前者不能代替后者，而后者却能代替前者。

关键词：误差分析；不确定度；评定；标准偏差；正态分布；均匀分布

中图分类号：TM930.115 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0024-05

Some questions on evaluation of measuring uncertainty
ZHANG Cheng-ti
（National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610061，China）

Abstract： Similarity and distinction between analysis of errors and evaluation of measuring uncertainty was introduced, including characteristics of various error distributions. Evenly distribution was brought of single factor. Distribution composed of multifactor was not evenly distribution. Some instances of evenly distribution in literature [2] was interrogated. Evaluation of measuring uncertainty should be secure and practical. We shouldn’t substitute other distribution by evenly distribution. In general, probability of extending measuring uncertainty should be 99.73%. The measuring uncertainty of a certain measuring result was different with measuring uncertaint of a kind of measuring method. The latter couldn’t be substituted by the former, but the former could be substituted by the latter.

Key word: Analysis of errors；Uncertainty；Evaluation；Standard deviation；Normal distribution；Evenly distribution

9.中型氡室温湿度智能控制系统设计
郑永明1，俞秋芳2，徐建一1
（1.中国测试技术研究院，四川成都 610061；2.浙江工业大学化学工程与材料学院，浙江杭州 310014）

摘要：氡室可以对广泛使用的各种测氡仪器进行刻度、性能测试，并进行氡的控制实验。国家有关标准规定，氡室的温度应该在-5℃到+40℃内可控，在测氡仪的标定过程中应使用常温标定，并且湿度要满足一定的要求。依照校准规定，本文研究设计了一种中小型氡室温湿度智能控制系统方案，详细阐述了AVR单片机与温湿度传感器、氡室制冷系统和除湿系统等部件接口实现的软、硬件技术要点。通过理论计算对设计方案进行分析，结果表明是可行的。控制系统既可以独立完成对氡室温湿度的监控，也可以通过RS-232C接口与PC机通信，组成基于PC机的集成控制系统。

关键词：氡室；半导体制冷；温湿度控制；AVR单片机；串行通信

中图分类号：TB98 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0029-03

Intelligent control system design of temperature humidity in mini-type and medium-sized radon chamber
ZHENG Yong-ming1， YU Qiu-fang2， XU Jian-yi1
（1.National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610061，China；
2.College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science，Zhejiang University of Technology，Hangzhou 310014，China）

Abstract： Radon chamber can be widely used in various radon measurement instruments for calibration and performance testing and radon control experiment. According to relevant national standards, radon chamber temperature should be controllable from -5℃ to +40℃. The temperature of the radon chamber should be room temperature and the humidity should be keep certainly during the calibration process. This paper studied the design of temperature and humidity intelligent control system program in medium radon chamber and elaborated on the AVR microcontroller with temperature and humidity sensors, radon chamber refrigeration systems and dehumidification system interface components of the software and hardware techniques. Theoretical calculation of the design program shows this is feasible. The control system can work independently and be composed of a PC-based integrated control system with RS-232C interface and PC communication.

Key words： Radon chamber； Semi-conductor refrigerant； Hydrothermal detecting and control； AVR single chip； Serial communication

10.连续测氡仪测定空气中氡浓度方法探讨
殷晓梅，宋建华，左文才，赵明辉，常维峰
（山东省建筑工程质量监督检验测试中心，山东济南 250031）

摘要：在民用建筑工程室内环境中氡浓度的测定方法中，用连续测氡仪测定氡浓度是一种方便、快捷的方法，但在实际检测过程中，由于操作等原因，仪器的测量准确度较低。在标准氡室（HD-1型）里模拟实验用标准氡浓度，以RAD7连续测氡仪为例，探讨了取样测量时间、空气湿度对空气中氡浓度测量的准确性的影响。结果表明，在取样测量时间不低于30min、较低空气湿度（10%）条件下，用连续测氡仪测量空气中氡浓度可以获得满意的数据。

关键词：氡浓度；连续测氡仪；取样测量时间；空气湿度；标准氡室

中图分类号：TL75+1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0032-03

Measuring radon consistence with continuous radon measurement instrument
YIN Xiao-mei， SONG Jian-hua， ZUO Wen-cai， ZHAO Ming-hui， CHANG Wei-feng
（Shandong Center for Quality Supervision and Test of Building Engineering，Jinan 250031，China）

Abstract: In methods for indoor environmental radon consistence measurement of civil building engineering, using continuous radon measurement instrument is conveniently and quickly. But in the process of practical measurement, for some artificial reasons, accuracy of measurement of instrument is low. Taking RAD7 continuous radon measurement instrument as example, the authors discussed the effects of sample measurement time and air humidity in a standard radon room. Result shows, if sample measurement time exceeded 30 minutes, and air humidity is lower than 10%, the result is satisfactory.

Key words: Radon consistence； Continuous radon measurement instrument； Sample measurement time； Air humidity； Radon room

11.氮中微量氧气体标准物质的研制
江月军，何丘，张毅
（中国测试技术研究院，四川成都 610061）

摘要：采用GB/T 5274-1985《气体分析－校准用混合气体的制备－称量法》制备氮中微量氧气体标准物质。以称量法计算值叠加平衡气中氧含量值为定值，再经气相色谱法比对分析核验，通过对稳定性、压力变化、不确定度的评定和与国外购买的氮中微量氧气体标准物质的比对。结果证明我们配制生产的氮中微量氧气体标准物质稳定性好、均匀性好、不确定度小。

关键词：微量氧；称量法；气体标准物质；平衡气；不确定度

中图分类号：TQ126.2+3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0035-03

Preparation of trace oxygen/nitrogen CRM
JIANG Yue-jun， HE Qiu， ZHANG Yi
（National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610061，China）

Abstracts： According to GB/T 5274-1985 gas analysis-preparation of calibration gas mixtures-weighing methods, gaseous certified reference material （CRM）, trace oxygen balanced with UHP nitrogen was prepared. Oxygen content was calculated through adding its content in balance gas to gravimetric value, which was confirmed by analysis results of gas chromatography. Stability, homogeneity and uncertainty were evaluated too. Its concentration accuracy was also confirmed by calibrating it with imported trace oxygen/nitrogen CRM. Those results showed trace oxygen/nitrogen CRM prepared in our laboratory was stable, homogenous and accurate.

Key words： Trace oxygen; Wenighing method; Gaseous CRM; Balance gas; Uncertainty

12.基于LabVIEW的激光器频率漂移量测试系统的设计
郭娟，张超，王鹏飞，董有尔
（山西大学物理电子工程学院，山西太原 030006）

摘要：针对在光学实验室研究激光器频率稳定性的需要，我们把光学实验与计算机数据采集与处理技术有效地结合起来，设计了基于LabVIEW 8.0虚拟仪器开发平台的频率漂移量测试系统。它可以对激光器的纵模模式进行监视，经过数据采集和处理，给出单频激光器频率的绝对波动。实验结果表明，该系统响应快，精度高，运行可靠，弥补了传统测试方法的一些不足之处，对于今后的稳频技术研究具有实用价值。

关键词：激光；虚拟仪器；LabVIEW；频率漂移；测试

中图分类号：TP311.52，TN248 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0038-03

Design of measurement system for frequency fluctuation of laser based on LabVIEW
GUO Juan， ZHANG Chao， WANG Peng-fei， DONG You-er
（College of Physics and Electronics Engineering，Shanxi University，Taiyuan 030006，China）

Abstract: System based on LabVIEW 8.0 was designed to measure laser’s frequency fluctuation in the laboratory and it demonstrated the nice combination of optics and computer technique in data’s acquiring and processing. It could be used to observe the longitudinal mode of laser. The frequency fluctuation could be shown through data’s acquiring and processing. Results show that the system is feasible, fast and accurate enough to overcome the shortcomings of traditional measurement. It has practical value to research the techniques of frequency stabilization of laser.

Key words: Laser； Virtual instrument； LabVIEW； Frequency fluctuation； Measurement

13.机动车视频测速系统及主要问题分析
江东，曾亚光
（中国测试技术研究院，四川成都 610061）

摘要：基于监控视频图像的车辆测速(视频测速)的方法，提出了视频测速的实现系统，对系统各部分组成及功能进行阐述。同时，本文对视频测速中的几个重点主要问题进行了分析，阐明了视频测速方法不仅具有便宜、设备简单、无辐射等优点外，在理论上是可以很好控制测速精度，将速度误差控制在要求范围之内。

关键词：视频技术；测速；系统；帧；精度

中图分类号：TB934 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0041-03

System of vehicle speed measurement by video monitoring and key points analysis
JIANG Dong， ZENG Ya-guang
（National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610061，China）

Abstract: It proposed a system of vehicle speed measurement based on the method of video image monitoring（speed measurement by video monitoring) and illustrated every component and its function of system. At the same time, several key points about speed measurement by video monitoring were analyzed. According to the previously statement, it indicated that this method was not only provided with the advantages of cheap, simple equipment, non-radiation, but also controlled the velocity precision and error in theory.

Key words: Video technology; Speed measurement; System; Frame; Precision

14.用安捷伦4395A 扩频测量铝电解电容器频率特性
陈亚爱，张卫平
（北方工业大学机电工程学院，北京 100041）

摘要：频率特性是电容器重要的电气特性，它是设计电路的基础，可通过阻抗分析仪获得。研究采用Agilent4395A阻抗分析仪扩频测量铝电解电容器频率特性及其电气参数的方法具有实际意义。实测证明，用Agilent4395A扩频测量铝电解电容器频率特性是有条件的，测量结果是准确的。

关键词：铝电解电容器；频率特性；测量方法；阻抗分析仪；电气参数

中图分类号：TM53，TM935.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0044-03

Expanded frequency measurement of frequency characteristic of Al electrolytic
capacitor by means of Agilent4395A
CHEN Ya-ai， ZHANG Wei-ping
（School of Electric and Mechanic Engineering，North China University of Technology，Beijing 100041，China）

Abstract: Frequency Characteristic is the very important electrical characteristic of capacitor and the basics of the design for an electric circuit. It can take by the impedance analyzer. This paper studied a measure method about using expanded frequency to measure frequency characteristic of Al electrolytic capacitor and electric parameter by means of Agilent4395A impedance analyzer. The result shows the test is accurate.

Key words: Al electrolytic capacitor； Frequency characteristic； Measure method； Impedance analyzer； Electric parameter

15. AD200三维水模体自动测量系统的研制
黎静1，李凡2，何伟1
（1.中国测试技术研究院，四川成都 610061；2.济南市计量检定所，山东济南 250061）

摘要：为了给放射治疗提供准确量值，确保放射治疗的疗效和患者安全，研制了AD200三维水模体自动测量系统。该系统采用微处理器、计算机和传动机构等高新技术，具有自动化程度高、工作稳定可靠、测量快速和操作简便等特点。因此它不仅使用在医院放疗设备的日常质量保证中，而且对新设备的安装验收、设备大修后的检测以及治疗计划系统所需要的大量数据，会发挥更大的作用。

关键词：三维水模体；剂量；测量；系统；参数

中图分类号：R812 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0047-03

Automatic measurement system for AD200-3D water phantom
LI Jin1， LI Fan2， HE wei1
（1.National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610061，China；
2.Jinan Institute of Measurement and Testing，Jinan 250061，China）

Abstract: Automatic measurement system for AD200 3D-water phantom was prepared to provide more accurate quantity value for radiation treatment which would ensure well curative effect and sufferer’s safety in this treatment. High technologies such as microprocessor, calculator and driving mechanism, etc were adopted, wihch made this system more automatic, stable, reliable， rapid and easy to operate. This system would paly more roles either in usual quality control of radiation treatment instruments, or in installation acceptance of new instruments, specification of repaired instruments, and collecting a great deal of data for treatment planning system.

Key words: 3D-water phantom; Dose; Measurement； System； Parameter

16.燃煤锅炉负荷率的现场快速估算方法研究
武攀峰1，吴为2，鲁建新1，陆海兵1
（1.南通市环境监测中心站，江苏南通 226006；2.南通市农产品检验测试中心，江苏南通 226006）

摘要：如何现场快速测定燃煤锅炉负荷率一直是环境监测及项目环保验收过程中难以克服的一个问题。为此，根据燃煤需要的理论空气量以及锅炉有效利用热等原理，作者经理论推导以及多年的实践测试提出了一种可以通过烟气流量和过量空气系数判断和估算燃煤锅炉负荷率的方法，结果证明方法可行，且与GB/T5468-1991中规定的标准测量方法相比，相对误差仅为-3.89%～3.69%。

关键词：燃煤锅炉；负荷率；过量空气系数；烟气流量；现场

中图分类号：TM621.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0050-03

Studies on speediness on-site estimating and calculating of coal-burning boiler loads
WU Pan-feng1， WU Wei2， LU Jian-xin1， LU Hai-bing1
（1.Nantong Environmental Monitoring Station，Nantong 226006，China；
2.Nantong Agro-product Quality Test Center，Nantong 226006，China）

Abstract: How to quickly on-site estimate boiler loads has been always a problem in environmental monitoring and environmental protection acceptance monitoring of construction projects. So according to the principals of the theoretical combustion air demand in flue-gas and the thermal utilization efficiency of boiler, a fast on-site estimating method of boiler loads using gas flow of chimney and excessive air coefficient was studied through the theoretic and practical trials. The results demonstrate that the technique is feasible and consistent with that of standard method in GB/T5468-1991, and the relative error only is within -3.89% to 3.69%.

Key words: Coal-burning boiler; Boiler loads; Excessive air coefficient; Gas flow; On-site

17.基于DSP的桥门式起重机吊重防摇控制系统设计
张晶，陈春俊，钟斌，胡迎春
（西南交通大学机械工程学院，四川成都 610031）

摘要：介绍了桥门式起重机吊重防摇控制系统的硬件结构和系统控制策略。针对电压控制直流电机驱动的小车吊重系统，建立系统动力学方程，并进行状态空间描述。小车吊重开环系统是不稳定的，采取状态反馈控制，根据系统实际动力学参数和调节参数，将防摇控制系统极点配置在期望极点。仿真结果表明吊重摆角能在目标位置和期望时间内衰减为零，系统具有较好的稳定性和瞬间动态特性。

关键词：桥门式起重机；防摇；极点配置；TMS320F2812；仿真

中图分类号：TH213.5 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0053-03

Design of load’s anti-swing control system of overhead or gantry crane based on DSP
ZHANG Jing， CHEN Chun-jun， ZHONG Bin， HU Ying-chun
（School of Mechanical Engineering，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 610031，China）

Abstract: This paper introduced the hardware structure and control arithmetic of load's anti-swing control system of overhead and gantry crane. The system dynamic equations were established and described with state space for the trolley-load’s system with the DC motor. The open-loop system of trolley-load was unstable and controllable. With state feedback control, the control system’s poles can be placed at poles expected according to the system’s dynamic parameters and the adjusting parameters. The simulation has indicated that the load’s swing may be attenuated to the zero at the objective place and on time expected and the system has favorable stability and dynamic performance.

Key words: Overhead and gantry Crane; Anti-swing; pole placement; DSP; Simulation

18.装有波纹管的直管科氏流量计的灵敏度计算
纪彩虹1，李红军2
（1.青岛理工大学理学院，山东青岛 266520；2.青岛滨海学院，山东青岛 266520）

摘要：为解决普通直管科里奥利质量流量计灵敏度偏低的问题，介绍了一种新型的带波纹管的直管科里奥利质量流量计，并在保持原结构的结构特征和受力特点不失真的前提下建立了两个力学模型，分别推导出振动微分方程，从而得到此质量流量计的灵敏度计算公式。此公式经过实验验证，证明了其正确性，并对研究、设计制造直管科里奥利质量流量计具有一定的指导作用。

关键词：波纹管；直管；质量流量计；科里奥利；灵敏度

中图分类号：TH814 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0056-03

Sensitivity calculation of a straight-tube coriolis mass flowmeter with bellows
JI Cai-hong1， LI Hong-jun2
（1.School of Science，Qingdao Technological University，Qingdao 266520，China；
2.Qingdao Binhai University，Qingdao 266520，China）

Abstract： In this paper, a new type straight-tube Coriolis mass Flowmeter with bellows was introduced for the sake of advancing sensitivity and two mechanical models was designed based on structure and forces characteristic of this straight-tube coriolis mass flowmeter. Then differential equations of the two models were deduced and the sensitivity formula was deduced. At last, the sensitivity formula was proved to be true by experimentations. This can be used to direct the research and design of straight-tube Coriolis mass Flowmeter.

Key words： Bellows； Straight-tube； Mass flowmeter； Coriolis force； Sensitivity

19.虚拟仪器技术的实验室设计与应用
戴冲，姜向东
（西南交通大学理学院，四川成都 610031）

摘要：讨论了基于LabVIEW的大学物理虚拟实验室的建设，采用虚拟技术实现了更开放、更新颖的实验平台，提出了实现原理与构成方案，设计了硬件系统和软件系统，并利用LabVIEW软件编程设计了实验室常用的仪器设备。这些虚拟仪器并不是仿真软件，而是实用的工具可以很好的工作，与实际的仪器设备功能基本一致。现已在学校的NI虚拟实验室投入使用，结果证明大学物理虚拟实验室具有良好的实验效果。

关键词：虚拟仪器；LabVIEW；混沌效应；RLC暂态电路；一机多用

中图分类号：TP391.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0059-03

Design and application of virtual instrument technology in laboratory
DAI Chong， JIANG Xiang-dong
（College of Science，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 610031，China）

Abstract： This paper discussed project of virtual college physics laboratory and how to realize a more open and innovative laboratory platform based on virtual technology and provided the realization principle and constitution strategy, designs hardware system and software system, as well as designs commonly-used laboratory equipment programmed by LabVIEW software. These virtual instruments are not simulation software, they are useful tools which perform basically same functions as actual instrument des. Now the virtual laboratory has been put into use in the school, the result proves that the virtual college physics laboratory has a good experiment effect.

Key words： Virtual instrument; LabVIEW; Chaos effect; RLC transient circuit; Multi-purpose

20.挂架载荷的动态标定及其数据处理方法研究
余学锋，文海，于杰
（63870部队，陕西华阴 714200）

摘要：研究武器系统挂架载荷的动态标定及其数据处理方法，为挂架载荷力值的测量提供标定模型。采用对挂架上一特征点施加标准的脉冲和阶跃激励，测量应变片对激励的响应输出，通过非参数拟合，获得标定样本数据库，根据最近邻域法确定未知受力值。结果表明，基于非参数拟合的标定方法，可较好地解决复杂环境下应变片输出的噪声干扰，从而提高测量数据的稳健性。

关键词：挂架载荷；动态标定；非参数拟合；数据处理；模型

中图分类号：TJ760.6 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0062-03

Study of method for bracket loading’s dynamic calibration and data processing
YU Xue-feng， WEN Hai， YU-Jie
（PLA 63870 Unit， Huayin 714200，China）

Abstract: To create calibration model for measuring the value of bracket loading, this paper researched the method for weapon system bracket loading dynamic characteristic calibration and data processing. With feature of standard drive signal of pulse and step response, the response output of strainometer was measured. By means of nonparametric fit, the sample database of calibration was obtained. Finally, an unknown force value could be determined by the Knn method. As a result, the method can resolve the noise interference superimpose on the strainomete output in complex environment and improve the robustness of measuring data.

Key words: Bracket loading; Dynamic characteristic calibration; Nonparametric fit; Data handling; Model

21.基于FPGA的网络导纳测量仪设计与实现
沈忠义1，毛五星2，张元发2
（1.空军雷达学院研究生管理大队，湖北武汉 430019；2.空军雷达学院雷达与光电对抗教研室，湖北武汉 430019）

摘要：为了实现对无源端口网络的导纳进行自动测量，根据虚拟仪器设计思想，设计实现了基于FPGA的网络导纳测量仪，系统以FPGA作为数字平台模拟产生优质的正弦信号，在单片机C8051的控制和处理下，自动实现端口网络（RL或者RC电路）导纳值的测量、计算、显示,同时具有频率步进测量功能。实验表明，该导纳测量仪性能稳定、操作简单、测量精度高,具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词：导纳测量；直接数字频率合成；快速傅立叶变换；虚拟仪器；FPGA

中图分类号：TH824 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0065-03

Design and implementation of network conduction instrumentation based on FPGA technology
SHEN Zhong-yi1， MAO Wu-xing2， ZHANG Yuan-fa2
(1.Department of Graduate Management，AFRA， Wuhan 430019，China；
2.Department of Electronic Countermeasures，AFRA，Wuhan 430019，China）

Abstract: In order to measure the passive network's conduction automatically, a network conduction instrumentation based on FPGA technology was designed and implemented according to the design principle of Virtual Instrument. System adopted FPGA technology building a digital flat-top to imitatively produce the high quality sine signal. Under the control of C8051MCU, measurement, calculation and display of the port network's conduction were automatic implementation. Furthermore, the system has the function of frequency step measurement. The results show that the system has several advantages as following: steady performance, convenient operation, high measurement accuracy, and it will have bright foreground application.

Key words: Admittance meter; DDS; FFT; Virtual Instrument; FPGA

22.哈克铆钉横向振动试验台设计
刘廉恒，倪文波，王雪梅，李芾
（西南交通大学机械工程学院，四川成都 610031）

摘要：为应对铁路货车铆钉质量强制抽验的要求，设计研制出哈克铆钉横向振动试验台。试验台利用液压伺服作动器进行加载，采用LabVIEW软件平台和相应硬件，构建基于虚拟仪器的测试系统，实现对哈克铆钉质量检验以及对检验结果进行存储、查询、打印等功能。测试结果表明所设计的哈克铆钉横向振动试验台方案正确。

关键词：哈克铆钉；数据采集；LabVIEW软件；虚拟仪器；横向振动

中图分类号：TN06 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0068-04

Design of huck rivet transverse vibration test rig
LIU Lian-heng， NI Wen-bo， WANG Xue-mei， LI Fu
（School of Mechanical Engineering，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 610031，China）

Abstract: Huck rivet transverse vibration test rig is designed and developed to adapt mass coercive spot-check of railway truck. Hydraulic technology was applied in the test rig. The signal could be acquired by DAQ(data acquisition) and be processed by the LabVEIW software and hardware. The quality of Huck Rivet could be verified and the result of inspection could be stored, inquired and printed and so on, by the virtual system. The testing results show that the project of Huck Rivet Transverse Vibration Test Rig is correct.

Key words: Huck rivet; Data acquisition; LabVIEW software; Virtual instrument; Transverse vibration

23.分光光度法直接测定油田水样交联剂中的铬
崔炳文1，龚树鹏2，袁存光1
（1．中国石油大学化学化工学院，山东东营257061；2．新疆独山子石化公司，新疆独山子833600）

摘要：研究了用过硫酸铵做氧化剂，将油田水样交联剂中的Cr3+氧化为Cr6+，然后用二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法直接测定的最佳条件。方法回收率93%以上，方法精密度（RSD%）平均3.9。取（2～3）mL水样时，过硫酸铵的最佳用量为0.4g。经对胜利油田水样的测定，并与原子吸收光度法对照，结果令人满意。

关键词：铬；过硫酸铵；二苯碳酰二肼；分光光度法；交联剂；直接测定

中图分类号：TH744.12 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0072-02

Direct chromium determination of cross linking agent in water
from oilfield by spectrophotometry
CUI Bing-wen1， GONG Shu-peng2， YUAN Cun-Guang1
（1.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering，Petroleum University of China，Dongying 257061，China
2.Dushanzi Petrochemical Company，Dushanzi 833600，China）

Abstract: Chromium （III） in cross linking agent of water from oilfield was oxidized to Chromium （VI） by oxidant ammonium persulfate, and chromium was determined with 1,5 -diphenylcarbohydrazide spectrophotometry method. Then testing conditions of this method were detail investigated. The experimental results showed that recovery of this approach was larger than 93 %, and its average precision expressed with RSD was 3.9 %. The optimum amount of oxidant was 0.4 g for 2 mL-3mL water. From application test for water from ShengLi oilfield and result comparisons with AAS, this approach was proved to be very useful for chromium determination of cross linking agent in water from oilfield.

Key words: Chromium； Ammonium persulfate； 1,5-diphenylcarbohydrazide； Spectrophotometry；Cross linking；Direct determination

24.基于小波-支持向量机（SVM）的发动机泵机组故障诊断
武建军1，马振利1，张越萌2，杨旭3
（1.解放军后勤工程学院，重庆 400016；2.69323部队，新疆叶城 844900；3.65118部队，吉林龙井 133401）

摘要：根据发动机泵机组中各部件在不同故障下的特征频率，利用小波变换多分辨率特性，提取出发动机泵机组的各类故障特征信号，经分析后找出故障原因。在确定故障原因的基础上，利用支持向量机原理在解决小样本、非线性、高维模式识别问题的优势，建立支持向量机故障诊断模型，对某发动机泵机组进行了故障诊断，得到了很好的效果。

关键词：小波变换；发动机泵机组；故障诊断；支持向量机

中图分类号：U467.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0074-03

25.Fault diagnosis of deliver motive pump machine based on wavelet-support vector machine（SVM）
WU Jian-jun1， MA Zhen-li1， ZHANG Yue-meng2， YANG Xu3
（1.The Logistics Engineer University of PLA，Chongqing 400016，China；2.69323 Troop，Yecheng 844900，China；
3.65118 Troop，Longjing 133401，China）

Abstract: Deliver motive pump machine has different fault character in each parts of set frequency. Using the character of wavelet transformation with many resolutions and withdrawing each kind of fault characteristic signal of Deliver motive pump machine, it is able to find out the fault by analyzing. Further more, by making use of the advantage of support vector machine in solving small samples, non-linearity and higher-dimension pattern recognition problem, the authors carried on fault diagnose to one Deliver motive pump machine by the establishment of fault diagnosis model with support vector machine and got good result.

Key words： Wavelet transformation； Deliver motive pump machine； Fault diagnosis； Support vector machine（SVM）

25.气相色谱法分析水中的柴油
宋光林1，2，陈红亮1，2，许华杰1，2，曾广铭1，2，谭红2，何锦林2
（1．贵州大学，贵州贵阳 550002；2．贵州理化测试分析研究中心，贵州贵阳 550001）

摘　要：用抽提法从水中提取柴油，用全自动进样器将提取柴油送至GC中检测。在相同的仪器检测条件下，取柴油对照品进行相同条件下的检测，通过色谱峰的峰形及保留时间的对比，确定检材中是否含有柴油。用本方法分析水中的残留物-柴油，具有快速、准确和简便等特点，能避免无机物及部分有机物的干扰，从而为水中柴油的定性或痕量分析提供科学的依据。

关键词：抽提；气相色谱；水；痕量；柴油

中图分类号：TH744.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0077-02

Analysis of diesel oil in water by gas chromatography
SONG Guang-lin1，2， CHEN Hong-liang1，2， XU Hua-jie1，2， ZENG Guang-ming1，2， TAN Hong2， HE jin-lin2
（1.Guizhou University，Guiyang 550001，China；
2.Guizhou Research Center of Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis，Guiyang 550002，China）

Abstract: This paper introduced a method to analyze diesel oil in water by gas chromatography. The diesel oil is drawn from water by extract appearance, delivered to GC measuring system by entering device. Then the authors analyzed diesel oil in water by the gas chromatography. Measured diesel oil contrast product in the same instrument, through the chromatograph peak shape and the retention time determined whether included the same diesel oil component in water. This method is found to be fast, sensitive, accurate, convenient and able to avoid inorganic substance and the part organic provide a basis. This analysis can be used as an efficient tool or trace analysis of diesel oil in water.

Key words: Extract; Gas chromatograph; Water; Trace; Diesel oil

26.提高铂电阻温度计测量准确度的实验方法研究
蒋爱颖1，田昀2，蒋静2
（1.天津大学环境科学与工程学院，天津 300000；2.天津市计量监督检测科学研究院，天津 300192）

摘要：目前我国工业用A级铂电阻在0℃的最大允许误差为±0.15℃，为使铂电阻温度计误差小于0.1℃，提出了一种提高工业级铂电阻温度计准确度的方法。试验采用计算机温度自动检测系统，测温元件采用Pt100铂电阻，结果证明整个系统的测量误差在0.1℃以内，而且整体造价低，经济实用。此方法较好推广，可适用于热电阻温度计的温度测量。

关键词：温度测量；铂电阻误差；温度修正方法

中图分类号：TH811 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0079-03

Experimental investigation method on improving the measurement
accuracy of the platinum resistance thermometer
JIANG Ai-ying1， TIAN Yun2， JIANG Jing2
（1.School of Environmental Science and Engineering，Tianjin University，Tianjin 300000，China；
2.Tianjin Institute of Metrological Supervision and Testing，Tianjin 300192，China）

Abstract: The maximum permissible errors of the industrial A class platinum resistance thermometer measurement system is ±0.15℃. For achieving a higher accuracy, ±0.1℃, this article introduced a method to improve the accuracy of the industrial temperature measurement system. Temperature auto-checking system were adopted. The temperature-sensing element was Pt100 platinum resistance thermometer. Result shows that the measuring error is less than 0.1℃. Furthermore, the system is economic and practical and can be used in any temperature measurement system.

Key words: Temperature measurement； Error of platinum resistance； Temperature-revised method

27.电子天平测量结果不确定度的研究
萧铜，杨惠敏，刘强
（天津市计量监督检测科学研究院，天津 300192）

摘要：为解决电子天平在测量过程中达到用测量不确定度来统一评价测量结果质量的问题，对电子天平测量结果不确定度进行了研究。依照电子天平复现质量之差的原理，采用分析误差源的方法，研究测量过程中用电子天平来复现质量，给测量结果引入不确定的范围。通过本方法的研究而得到电子天平测量结果不确定度，对电子天平测量结果的质量有了比较可靠的保证。

关键词：测量；测量结果不确定度；置信因子；置信概率；扩展不确定度

中图分类号：TH715.1+16 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0082-03
Research on measurement result uncertainty of electronic balance
XIAO Tong， YANG Hui-min， LIU Qiang
（Tianjin Institute of Metrological Supervision and Testing，Tianjin 300192，China）

Abstract: The problem of evaluating the quality of measurement result was solved by research on uncertainty of measurement of electronic balance. In accordance with the principle of reproducibility of quality errors of electronic balance, the source of errors was analyzed, reproduce quality in the course of measurement which introduced the result into an uncertain field was researched. The uncertainty gained through the research of this method ensures the quality of the result of a measurement of electronic balance.

Key words: Measurement; Uncertainty of result of a measurement; Confidence factor; Confidence level; Expanded uncertainty

28.压力电饭锅标准修订问题探讨
郑重
（湛江市质量计量监督检测所，广东湛江 524044）

摘要：压力电饭锅作为一种节能高效的烹饪工具被数亿家庭所使用。由于国家现行的相关标准在检测压力电饭锅的针对性不强，尤其是在安全性方面存在相当大的漏洞，给压力电饭锅产品的生产及检测带来一定的局限。压力电饭锅产品标准应尽快修订，以适应当前该产品的发展及社会节能的要求。并且，该校准的修订应积极考虑消费者的安全需求，彻底解决压力电饭锅使用的安全问题。

关键词：压力电饭锅；产品；安全；节能；标准；修订

中图分类号：TJ760.6 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0085-03
Standard of pressure electric cookers must be revised
ZHENG Zhong
(Zhanjiang Institute for Quality Supervision and Test，Zhanjiang 524044，China)

Abstract: In the real sense, there is no product standard for production and quality test of pressure electric cookers so far in our country. And in practice, the targeted of pertinence standards adopted to test this new product pressure electric cooker were not enough, especially their security test had considerable defects, which limited production and quality test of pressure electric cookers seriously. Thus product standard of pressure electric cookers should be revised as soon as possible to fulfill those requirements of products development and energy-saving society. Furthermore during revising standard of this product, the security needs of the consumers should be actively considered and potential security issues of pressure electric cookers should be settled absolutely.

Key words: Pressure electric cookers；Product；Security；Energy-saving；Standard; Revise

28.气相色谱法测定肉品中六六六、滴滴涕残留量不确定度分析的简易模型
郑晓航，李秋剑，黄裕，赖碧清
（深圳市肉品卫生检验所实验室，广东深圳 518005）

摘要：对气相色谱法测定肉品中六六六、滴滴涕残留量的不确定度进行分析，找出影响不确定度的因素，以及它们的相互关系，建立不确定度评估简易模型，以便适用、有效、快捷地评估此类分析的测量不确定度。并通过对各个不确定度分量的分析计算，然后计算出合成不确定度和扩展不确定度。这一不确定度分析模型简单、易懂、有效，有较强的参考价值。

关键词：不确定度分析；简易模型；气相色谱法；六六六；滴滴涕

中图分类号：TH744.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0088-03
Simple uncertainty evaluation model for determination of HCH and DDT residues in meat by GC
ZHENG Xiao-hang， LI Qiu-jian， HUANG Yu， LAI Bi-qing
（Shenzhen Meat Hygiene Inspection Institute，Shenzhen 518005，China）

Abstract: Simple uncertainty evaluation model was established for suitably, efficiently and rapidly evaluating related measurement uncertainties according to measurement uncertainty evaluations, components for uncertainties plus their relationships of HCH and DDT residues in meat analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). Measurement uncertainties of HCH and DDT residues in meat were evaluated, key procedures of which were listed, and important components were chosen from those factors affecting measurement results for composed and expanded uncertainty calculations. Those results show this uncertainty evaluation model is simple, easy to understand, effective and valuable as reference.

Key words: Uncertainty evaluation； Simple model; Gas chromatography（GC）; HCH; DDT

29.现代测量管理体系的建立与运行
冯霞
（攀钢集团长钢公司计量检测中心，四川江油 621701）

摘要：对企业贯彻实施GB/T19022-2003标准，建立现代测量管理体系及运行的背景、实施内容、运行情况、结果、效益等进行了阐述和分析，以期全面清晰的把握企业在实施标准时所要做的工作。对于企业建立和运行测量管理体系工作有较好的借鉴意义。

关键词：测量管理体系；测量设备；测量过程；计量确认

中图分类号：G306.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0091-03

Building and running of modern measurement managing system
FENG Xia
（Metrology and Testing Center for Sichuan Changcheng Special Steel Co.，Ltd，Pangang Group，Jiangyou 621701，China）

Abstract: According to requirement for practicing standard GB/T19022-2003 in corporation, modern measurement managing system was built. Background and circumstance for running this system, implement contents, results and interests were discussed too. All of these were expected to make it more clear understand what would be needed in practicing the standard. It is important as reference for other corporations to build and run modern measurement managing system.

Key words: Measurement managing system; Measusement instrument; Measusement process; Metrology confirmation

30.TE10波在矩形波导管中传播的计算机测量及动态反馈模拟
杜磊1，刘武州2，郭利平1
（1.山西大学物理电子工程学院，山西太原 030006；2.数理报社，山西太原 030012）

摘要：通过应用计算机驱动步进电机控制驻波测量线的移动和可变衰减器的转动，结合放大电路及模数转换卡，实现了自动测量矩形波导管内微波的工作状态。同时将测量得到的数据通过计算机软件进行分析，利用编程模拟绘制出当前时刻TE10波的动画图像，即通过入射波与反射波的叠加，确定出当前为匹配状态、驻波状态或混波状态。通过计算机自动测量及动态反馈模拟，使实验效果、实验精度得到显著提高，实践应用效果甚好。

关键词：TE10波；矩形波导管；模数/数模转换卡；步进电机；计算机测量；反馈模拟

中图分类号：TP274 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0094-04

Computer measurement and dynamic feedback simulation of TE10 wave
transmitting in rectangular wave-guide
DU Lei1， LIU Wu-zhou2， GUO Li-ping1
（1.College of Physics and Electronic Engineering，Shanxi University，Taiyuan 030006，China； 2.Mathematics and Physics Newspaper Office，Taiyuan 030012，China）

Abstract: By computer driving stepper motor with the help of amplifier circuit and A/D card，the movement of standing wave measuring line and the running of changing attenuator were controlled.Automatically measuring the stae of microwave in rectangular wave-guide was realized. In the same time，the data measured by software was analyaed.According to these data，the action images of TE10 wave transmitting in rectangular wave-guide was simulated.So we could confirm the maching state，standing wave state or blending state. By automatically measuring and dynamic feedback simulation，the precision and effect of microwave experiment were increased with good performance.

Key words: TE10 wave; Rectangular wave-guide; A/D D/A card; Stepper motor; Computer measurement; Computer feed back simulation

31.基于虚拟仪器的获取CCD波形峰值的研究
邹建，雷轶鸣
（重庆大学光电工程学院，重庆 400044）

摘要：介绍了一种基于虚拟仪器（LabVIEW）的获取CCD波形数据的采集系统以及线阵CCD工作原理和其存在的几种噪声的测量方法。阐述了数据采集的原理及虚拟仪器软件平台对采集卡驱动的软件流程，使用软件补偿的方式修正部分线阵CCD噪声对系统造成的误差。介绍了使用虚拟仪器LabVIEW软件平台中的工具模块获取CCD信号峰值、半波宽度的两种方法，并对其优劣性进行了比较。

关键词：虚拟仪器；线阵CCD；噪声；数据采集；误差

中图分类号：TP391.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0098-04
Study of acquiring top-wave of CCD on LabVIEW
ZOU Jian， LEI Yi-ming
（School of Opto-electronic Engineering，Chongqing University，Chongqing 400044，China）

Abstract: This article introduced the system of CCD data acquisition on LabVIEW and working theory of linear-CCD. It also discussed noises in linear-CCD and measuring methods of these noises. It expounded that the theory of acquiring data and the driver of data acquiring on LabVIEW. The system errors can be corrected by software. Two methods of acquiring max signals, width of half amplitude on LabVIEW were introduced and advantage and disadvantage were compared.

Key words: LabVIEW； Linear-CCD； Noise； Data acquisition； Error

32.TMS320LF2407在小型机器人控制系统中的应用
蒋海英，张洁
（西南交通大学机械工程学院，四川成都 610031）

摘　要：介绍了专用电机控制芯片TMS320LF2407在小型机器人控制系统中的应用。针对使用PIC微控制器组建机器人，其系统设计的灵活性及扩展性差的情况，提出了一种使用TMS320LF2407作为CPU的小型机器人控制系统方案。系统使用单片DSP芯片实现对舵机和步进电机的控制，不但设计结构简单,减少了控制系统的体积，使得控制性能更加优良,而且DSP芯片丰富的外设，增加了设计系统的灵活性以及通用性。

关键词:小型机器人；控制系统；DSP；舵机；步进电机

中图分类号：TP368.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0102-04

Application of TMS320LF2407 in micro-robot control system
JIANG Hai-ying， ZHANG Jie
（School of Mechanical Engineering，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 610031，China）

Abstract: In this paper introduced the application of specially designed motor control chip TMS320LF2407 in micro -robot control system. Aiming at the poor flexibility and expansion of the robot system, in which using PIC micro-controller to set up, a new scheme of using the DSP chip TMS320LF2407 as CPU to set up micro - robot control system was proposed. This system could to control servos and stepper motor by using a single chip of DSP. The design is of simple structure, small the volume of the control system and better performance in controlling. It has increased system's flexibility by DSP chip's abundant peripheral hardware.

Key words： Micro-robot; Control system; DSP; Servos； Stepper motor

33.直接探测激光雷达系统的仿真软件设计
陈金令1，2，石川1，2，徐征峰1，2，谢德林1，陈洪斌1
（1.中国科学院光电技术研究所，四川成都 610209；2.中国科学院研究生院，北京 100039）

摘要：如何合理而有效地设计激光雷达系统,是进行激光雷达系统研究的关键,设计时必须充分考虑各种参数之间的相互关系,根据所提出的指标,选择激光器和探测器及其它元器件。建立了激光雷达系统的数值仿真模型，模型以激光雷达原理为基础，考虑了激光雷达距离方程、噪声模型、接收信噪比模型，利用LOWTRAN软件分析了各种天气和系统条件下，对激光雷达性能的影响，编制了计算机仿真软件进行雷达系统模拟，结果表明，数值仿真有助于实验系统的方案设计和性能改进。

关键词：激光雷达；激光探测；系统仿真；大气传输；仿真软件

中图分类号：TP391.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0106-03

Design of simulation software for lidar system
CHEN Jin-ling1，2， SHI Chuan1，2， XU Zheng-feng1，2， XIE De-lin1， CHEN Hong-bin1
1.Institute of Optics and Electronics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Chengdu 610209，China；
2.Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100039，China）

Abstract: It is crucial to design a rational and effective lidar system for the research of the lidar. The relationship between many parameters must be considered adequately. The laser source and the detector and some other components were chosen on the basis of the required index. In order to analyze the performance of the lidar system, the numerical simulation model for lidar was presented. This model was based on the lidar principles, and it concerned lidar range equation, noise model, etc. The effect on lidar caused by changes of important weather and system variables was analyzed and discussed with the LOWTRAN. With this model, a simulation software was built to operate the simulation of lidar system. Results show that numerical simulation can help scheme designing and performance improving of the lidar system.

Key words: Laser lidar; Laser detection; System simulation; Atmosphere transformationp; Simulation software

34.基于LASAR的数字电路可测试性设计仿真
毛磊，唐华
（中国西南电子设备研究所，四川成都 610036）

摘要：随着故障诊断技术的发展，利用专业的仿真工具对实际电路进行可测试性分析仿真用的越来越普遍。LASAR(逻辑自动激励与响应)就是一套优秀的用于数字电路测试开发和逻辑分析的仿真软件系统。介绍了利用LASAR故障仿真进行数字电路可测试性分析的方法。通过对一个实际电路进行仿真，具体说明了该方法在实际工程当中的应用。

关键词：LASER；故障仿真；可测试性设计；测试激励

中图分类号：TP216 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0109-05

Design simulation for testability of digital circuit based on LASAR
MAO Lei， TANG Hua
（Southwest China Research Institute of Electronic Equipment，Chendu 610036，China）

Abstract: As the development of fault diagnosis technology, specialty tools were used to simulatee the circuit to be tested. The software LASAR was such a simulation system which was used to accomplish the digital circuit testing and logical analyzing. How to analysis the testability of a digital circuit using the LASAR software was introduced. Finally, it explained how to use this method in actual application by simulating a circuit.

Key words： LASAR； Fault simulation； Design for testability; Testing power

35.结合数学形态学和Level Set超声图像的分割方法
曹彪，刘奇
（四川大学电气信息学院，四川成都 610065）

摘要：针对噪声严重的超声图像，提出了一种结合数学形态学和Level Set的分割方法。首先采用全变差模型进行图像滤波，再通过交互式区域选择和数学形态学方法获得感兴趣目标的二值化图像，并把该二值化图像轮廓作为水平集方法的初始曲线。改进隐式测地活动轮廓模型（GAC）中的边缘检测函数，增强了处理弱边缘的能力。分割结果表明，该方法能够准确地提取出目标轮廓，同时减少了迭代次数和运算时间。

关键词：分割；全变差；数学形态学；水平集

中图分类号：TP391.75 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0114-04

Ultrasound image segmentation method based on mathematical morphology and Level Set
CAO Biao， LIU Qi
（School of Electrical Information，Sichuan University，Chengdu 610065，China）

Abstract： A segmentation method based on mathematical morphology and level set was proposed for ultrasound images. First, the total variation model was utilized to filter the noisy ultrasound image, then the alternate region choosing and mathematical morphology method were used to obtain the binary image of the interesting object. The binary image was used as the initial curve of the level set method. The edge detection function of the implicit geodesic active contour model（GAC） was improved, and the weak edge detection was enhanced. The results show that the target contour can be accurately extracted. While the iterative and computation time is reduced.

Key words： Segmentation; Total variation; Mathematical morphology; Level set

36.高频头中微带滤波器和振荡器的设计与实现
唐毅，童玲
（电子科技大学自动化学院，四川成都 610054）

摘要：卫星接收机通过同轴电缆同卫星天线上的高频头相连，高频头将卫星天线反射过来的微波信号反馈到卫星接收机内进行处理或解码，解出图像和伴音。高频头质量越好，相应的接收天线口径要求越小，成本越低。根据高频接收系统电路的基本设计原理，如何设计与实现高频头中的微带滤波器和振荡器电路，对整个高频接收系统有至关重要的作用。

关键词：高频头；混频器；微带线；发针式滤波器；谐振腔振荡器

中图分类号：TN752.5 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0118-03

Design and application of micro-strip filter and oscillator in LNB
TANG Yi， TONG Ling
（School of Automation Engineering，University of Electronic Science and Technology，Chengdu 610054，China）

Abstract： Satellite television receiving system consists of satellite antenna， feedback， LNB（Low Noise Block）， satellite receiver. The satellite receiver was connected with the LNB in antenna through coaxial cable， and the LNB sent the reflected micro-wave sign from the satellite antenna to the receiver to be proceeded or decoded in order to get image and audio. The more good quality of the LNB， the smaller caliber and the lower cost of receiving antenna were required. According to the basic design principle of high frequency receiving system. It is vital important for this system that how to design and produce the micro-strip filter and oscillation circuit in LNB.

Key words： LNB；Mixer；Micro-strip line；Hairpin-filter；Resonator oscillator

37.超低功耗数据采集系统的设计
胡迎春，苏燕辰，张晶
（西南交通大学机械工程学院，四川成都 610031）

摘要：介绍以MSP430单片机为核心的数据采集系统。传感器输出的模拟信号经过信号调理电路后输送给单片机，由单片机完成数据采集任务。同时，单片机与上位机（PC）通讯，上位机可面向用户，因此可以由用户控制采集过程。该系统具有电路简单，精度高，超低功耗等特点，另外它还可以很方便地和一些应用广泛的核心处理器（如DSP、ARM）结合在一起来共同完成一个快速的数字信号处理过程或者实时的控制系统，因此，本系统的研究设计具有很好的实用价值。

关键词：数据采集；MSP430；ADC12；信号调理；串口通讯

中图分类号：TP274.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0121-03

Design of low power data collecting system
HU Ying-chun， SU Yan-chen， ZHANG Jing
（School of Mechanical Engineering，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chendu 610031，China）

Abstract: This text introduced a data collecting system with MSP430 single chip as kernel. The analog signals from the sensors, passing through the signal rectifying electro circuit, would arrive at the single chip, and then the single chip would finish the task of data collecting. At the same time, the single chip could communicate with the computer, by which, consumers could control the data collecting. This system has the merits such as simple hardware, higher precision and much lower power and so on. With some widely used CPU such as DSP and ARM, it could finish the fast digital signals processing or the real time control system very well, so the design of this system has perfect practicality.

Key words: Data collecting; MSP430; ADC12; Signal rectifying; Serial port communication

38.一种基于软件仿真平台的通信链路测试
廖涛，赵亮
（中国西南电子设备研究所，四川成都 610036）

摘要：针对目前测试卫星通信传输链路误码率需要庞大和昂贵的硬件资源现状，我们借助于安捷伦公司的ADS软件仿真平台，通过和测试仪器无缝连接的半实物仿真技术，搭建了一条完整的卫星通信链路，并利用ADS软件中的“重点采样法”统计通信误码率。通过这种仿真和实验，证明该设计方法概念清晰，开发周期较短，降低了设备成本。

关键词：误码率测试；ADS软件；BPSK；TDMA；DSP

中图分类号：TP391.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0124-03

Communication BER test based on ADS software simulation platform
LIAO Tao， ZHAO Liang
（Southwest China Research Institute of Electronic Equipment，Chengdu 610036，China）

Abstract: According to the situation that considerable and expensive hardware was needed to test bit error rate （BER） of satellite communication link at present, a new method for communication BER test was established. Assisted by Agilent’s ADS software simulation platform, a complete satellite communication link was built up through hardware-in-the-loop simulation system connected with testing instrument seamlessly. Thus communication BER could be calculated through “Improved Importance Sampling Technique” of ADS software. Those results show the concept of this method ias clear, development cycle is short and equipment cost is reduced.

Key words: BER test; ADS software; BPSK; TDMA; DSP

39.基于VI的军用电子装备自动化测试系统
杨富贵，李运祯
（解放军电子工程学院电子战大修厂，安徽合肥 230037）

摘要：对军用电子装备的测试背景和测试要求进行了分析，针对目前军用电子装备测试中仪器多、费用高、效率低等现状，提出基于虚拟仪器（VI）的自动化测试方法。在对总线类型选择进行综合评估的基础上，构建了以GPIB-PXI组合平台为骨干I/O，以PXI模块化组件为主要功能支持的军用电子装备自动化测试系统，并对测试系统的软硬件结构做了分析，给出了某型军用电子装备自动化测试系统的系统工作流程。该系统模型为军用电子装备实现高效现场维修提供了通用的解决方案。

关键词：虚拟仪器；自动化测试系统；军用电子装备；故障诊断；PXI总线仪器

中图分类号：TP311.52 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0127-04

ATS for military electronic equipment based on VI
YANG Fu-gui， LI Yun-zhen
（Electronic Engineering Institute of PLA，Hefei 230037，China）

Abstract: This paper analyzed test background and requirement for military electronic equipment. At present, test uses several special instruments which need high cost and have low efficiency. Aiming at this activity, the paper put forward an automation method based on VI. After evaluation to Bus selection rule, it gave an ATS model for military electronic equipment based on GPIB-PXI framework. The ATS’ software and hardware structure was shown, and the work flow of an application was listed in the end. It’s a general solution to current field maintenance for war-electronic equipment.

Key words: Virtual instrument；ATS；Military electronic equipment ；Fault diagnoses；PXI-bus instrument

40.负离子空气净化灯对室内空气中甲醛的治理作用
杨松，黄巧玲，王华世
（贵州省建筑科学研究检测中心，贵州贵阳 550006）

摘要：为有效解决室内空气中甲醛治理问题，采用模拟室内环境污染状况，通过负离子空气净化灯在开灯前后室内空气中甲醛含量变化的实验方法进行论证，得出负离子空气净化灯在开灯后，能产生大量的负氧离子，对净化空气质量，特别是降低空气中的甲醛含量，有较好的治理效果，对改善人类生活环境有积极的作用。

关键词：负离子空气净化灯；净化；甲醛

中图分类号：X830.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）05-0131-03

Effects of negative ion purifying lamp on formaldehyde removing in indoor air
YANG Song， HUANG Qiao-ling， WANG Hua-shi
（Guizhou Inspection Centre of Construction Science Institute，Guiyang 550006，China）

Abstract： Simulating the contaminated indoor environment and comparing the formaldehyde concentrations between turning negative ion air purifying lamp on and off, we got the conclusion that those pollutants in indoor air, especially formaldehyde could be reduced when the negative iron lamp was working because of numerous negative oxygen ions produced from this process. Therefore, qualities of indoor air and people’s life could be improved by using this lamp.

Key words： Negative ion air purifying lamp; Purification; Formaldehyde

41.再论甲醛测量方法标准的评述
刘亚民，周黎黎，刘庆
（中国测试技术研究院，四川成都 610061）

摘要：针对不同行业中测量对象的多元化，对甲醛测定方法进行了评述，并对测量方法中出现的问题及�


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